Further Goals and Ideas for the Effective, Sustainable and Fast Cultivation of Surface Mining Landscapes

Further Goals and Ideas for the Effective, Sustainable and Fast Cultivation of Surface Mining Landscapes

In this article, further approaches and ideas for naturalization, rehabilitation, cultivation and recultivation will be presented in relation to all responsible persons and within the scope of the greening and research projects for surface mining or post-mining landscapes.

An important goal for opencast mine and post-mining landscapes or lakelands is the production of a balanced, stable and clean water balance as well as a good soil quality. The following points must be observed:

• Balancing the nutrient and pollutant content through filter systems and regulating the oxygen content by means of ventilation and circulation. This can also be achieved by integration into irrigation systems on land and with suitable plants, water plants and microorganisms
• Compliance with limit values ​​and reduction if possible, for example noise level, loads and pollutants in surface mining or post-mining landscapes
• Comprehensive investigation, research and use of hitherto unknown methods of detoxification or cleaning and regulation, including the improvement of groundwater and soil
• Efficient fieldwork and advanced field research
• Exploration of further methods of improving soil and water quality, feasibility studies and weighing efficiency / benefits
• Achieve good water quality according to the EU Bathing Water Directive
• Encourage or support the self-cleaning of surface mining lakes
  
• Promotion of the settlement of endangered animal and plant species by the establishment, extension and maintenance of free, undeveloped nature reserves
• Research on improved methods of colonization and propagation of endangered species, the creation of suitable habitats and zoological gardens or parks
• Counteracting or reducing the entrophy and acidification of lakes and groundwater
• Monitoring of soils and water bodies using appropriate instruments
• Long-term planning and annual adjustment of the design concept as well as the renovation plans
• Subsequent integration of visitors from all areas into the entire process, providing exploratory tours and hands-on workshops in the research camp and secured terrain
• Shore and embankment protection as well as appropriate coastal greening should be preferred to pure gravel or sandy beaches
• Lectures, photo and film shows, information and teaching events

Responsible organizations, institutions and persons must comply with the laws, regulations and guidelines, and must regularly prove this, if possible every year.

A good example of waterborne and aftercare is described in the “Sustainable recreational use and tourism in post-mining landscapes”. Here is an excerpt:

“Water maintenance is the task of preserving or restoring the functionality of the water bed including the shores to the top of the slope. This also includes the ecological and land-cultural function of water bodies, in particular

(1) the conservation and restoration of a native plant and animal population in natural diversity;

(2) the maintenance and improvement of the self-cleaning capacity, unless other are required to do so;

(3) the maintenance, cleansing and clearing of the waters and shores as far as is necessary;

(4) the keeping of the waters and its banks of pests;

5. the removal of solid substances from or from the waters of the waters, in so far as is necessary in the public interest. “

Documentations and information on the cultural, settlement, social and economic history of the region can be processed in various forms or varieties in the future, eg in tourist offers. This includes, for example, the expansion of the leisure activities and the program by means of landscape-related sports and games. These include, for example, Fitness facilities and activities, motor sports, mountain biking, aerial sports, water sports, winter sport and new sporting activities – all with the best possible connection to nature and nature conservation. In the future real recreational parks can be developed and built with a real relationship with nature.